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AN AFTERWORD TO INFRASTRUCTURE ECONOMIC JUMP-START

As an afterword to the earlier blog on this subject, I was reminded of the Works Progress Administration (WPA) which, pursuant to some research (http://www.indiana.edu/~liblilly/wpa/wpa_info.html), "was a relief measure established in 1935 by executive order ... and was redesigned in 1939 when it was transferred to the Federal Works Agency....[S]upplied with an initial congressional appropriation of $4,880,000,000, it offered work to the unemployed on an unprecedented scale by spending money on a wide variety of programs, including highways and building construction, slum clearance, reforestation, and rural rehabilitation.  So gigantic an undertaking was inevitably attended by confusion, waste, and political favoritism, yet the 'pump-priming' effect stimulated private business during the depression years and inaugurated reforms that states had been unable to subsidize....By March, 1938, the WPA rolls had reached a total of more than 3,400,000 persons; after initial cuts in June 1939, it averaged 2,300,000 monthly, and by June 30, 1943, when it was officially terminated, the WPA had employed more than 8,500,000 different persons on 1,410,000 individual projects, and had spent about $11 billion.  During its 8-year history, the WPA built 651,087 miles of highways, roads, and streets; and constructed, repaired, or improved 124,031 bridges, 125,110 public buildings, 8,192 parks, and 853 airport landing fields." 
 
"(Sources:  Encyclopedia of American History, 7th Ed., Jeffrey B. Morris and Richard B. Morris, eds., 1996.  The Oxford Companion to American History, Thomas H. Johnson, 1966)" 

From my own personal experience I am able to report that some of the WPA projects lasted and lasted and lasted until at least one of them was torn down, probably in 1995 or 1996 -- presumably in the name of progress.  This particular project was a brick retaining wall parallel to and west of Soldier Field in Chicago.  I noticed that wall many, many times from the windows of my train during my Chicago commute to work.  Some of the bricks bore the carved initials "WPA" and a year. 
 
While the wall was being reduced to rubble, I wondered at the time if any of those carved WPA bricks had been saved.  What a memento that would have been!  I also wondered if any of the workers engaged in the dismantling of the wall had any sense of its history.  While glancing at those bricks on those commuter trips, I also believed it remarkable that the wall still stood after all those years.  Yes, some grass had begun to grow between them, but taken as a whole, the bricks seemed impervious to the ravages of time and the bitter Chicago winters and blistering Chicago summers. 
 
I believe those WPA workers worked as though their lives depended upon it.  They probably did. 
 
 
Tags: economy   WPA  
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INFRASTRUCTURE ECONOMIC JUMP-START?


OK. So we want to jump-start the economy -- get people working again. One way tossed about as a means by which to do this is by building, rebuilding and repairing the nation's infrastructure.

I'm good with that. We do need to address some of our crumbling infrastructure -- bridges, roads, railroads, all roads. They need attention.

It simply seems to me that it is primarily other business and industry rather than infrastructure building, repair, etc. that actually create jobs.

In the main, who is it that pays for the building, rebuilding and repair of infrastructure? Is it "the Government"?

Who is "the Government"? Is "the Government" some nebulous bunch in Washington, D.C.? Are they going to pay for all this building and rebuilding?

All right. Say we go on the assumption that "the Government" is made up of citizens of the U.S. Does that mean that U.S. citizens, through taxes, will pay for all this building and repair?

My understanding is that the president-elect would like to set aside a $50 billion clump simply to begin all this activity – rather in the line of some type of down-payment. From whence does this $50 billion derive? And from whence the remainder?

Taxes! They will pay for contracts, negotiating contracts (lawyers' fees and disbursements); they will pay the contractors; contractors' employees; employees' FICA and tax commitments; employees' health care insurance; employees' workmen's compensation; employees' vacation and sick time; they will pay for all the materials needed by the contractors; and they will pay the contractors for their equipment and the insurance on the equipment, etc., ad infinitum.

I have a question, which is this: why is road-building, etc., being treated by the incoming administration as some new way to get the economy off to a flying start? In addition, how does the new administration propose to pay for the parts of the planet upon which the new infrastructure, etc., will repose? Umm, maybe, uhhhh, taxes?
 
As an afterword to the above, I was reminded of the old Works Progress Administration (WPA) which, pursuant to some research (http://www.indiana.edu/~liblilly/wpa/wpa_info.html), was a relief measure established in 1935 by executive order
 
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